FLASHMOB OF EARTH (essay deskriptive text)

FLASHMOB OF EARTH

Lailatul Maghfiroh

Physics Department Class B/13640046

Fig.1 Cracks due to earthquake (Sion,2007)

Earthquake is a vibration or shocks that occur on the surface of the earth due to the sudden release of energy from the earth. Accumulated energy caused the occurrence of earthquake resulted from movement of the plates tectonic. The result of energy is emitted in all directions as a wave of earthquake until their effects can be felt till the surface of the earth. Additionally, the earthquake also has various characteristics, type of earthquake and earthquake caused.

There are many various characteristic of earthquake. The characteristic of earthquake that we know is. Firstly, shocks or vibration existence that occurred on the surface of the earth that comes from the release of energy in the deep of the earth. Secondly, it occurred within short time. Thirdly, it can’t be predicted and can’t be prevented. According to Nur (2010) the earthquake has distinctive characteristics, which is can’t be stopped, very sudden and shocking and the central location and the power can’t be accurate predicted. In addition to these characteristics, there are new characteristics that can be categorized of earthquake by looking around to the events in nature. Its characteristics are the result of vibration or shocks collision of rocks to rocks with diameter 5 – 10 m, from distance of 4 km glass house broken and distance of 10 km can be heard rumbling sound of collisions of rocks and the earthquake occurred once while there is a very strong flow of water.

The earthquake has many different types. There are four different types of it: tectonic, volcanic, collapse and explosion. The type of earthquake depends on the region where it occurs and the geological area. The most common earthquake is tectonic earthquake. According to Nur (2010) tectonic earthquake is vibration that derived from events of the fault rocks that caused from a clash of two plates gradually. Another type is volcanic earthquake, according to Rosmiyatin and Basid (2012) volcanic earthquake is occurred in conjunction with volcanic activity. The next type is collapse earthquake, small earthquake in underground caverns and mines that is caused by seismic waves produced from explosion of rocks on the surface.  The last type is explosion earthquake, which is also called as an earthquake that result of the detonation of a nuclear or chemical device.

There are many earthquake caused. Earthquake can occur along any type of plate boundary. According to Priyadi and Wijaya (2014) Indonesian is located in a confluence of three active mountain belt plate: the Pacific plate, Mediterranean plate and Indo-Australia. This has resulted Indonesia’s earthquake – prone country.

                                             

             Fig.2 Indonesian archipelago lies in the interaction 3 zones tectonic plates (Nur in Sukamto,2000)

    

 Fig.3 Earthquake occurred (Putri,2012)

Earthquake will be occurred when tension is released from inside the crust. Plates do not always move smoothly alongside each other and sometimes get stuck. When this happens pressure builds up. When this pressure is eventually released, an earthquake tends to occur. The point inside the crust where the pressure released is called the focus. The point on the earth’s surface above the focus is called the epicenter. Earthquake energy is released in seismic waves. These waves spread out from the focus. The waves are felt most strongly at damage caused by an earthquake will happen close to the epicenter. Volcanic eruption, rock falls, landslides and explosion can also cause an earthquake, but most of these are only local extent.

To conclude this essay, earthquake has characteristics that can’t be prevented and can’t be predicted. Additionally, it has four different types. There are tectonic, volcanic, collapse and explosion. Finally, earthquake can occur along any type of plate boundary.

REFERENCES

Nur, Arif Mustofa. 2010. Gempa Bumi, Tsunami dan Mitigasinya. Jurnal Geografi, vol 7 pages 66-73.

Putri, Rachmi Maulani. 2012. Mengantisipasi Gempa Bumi dan Tsunami.(Online) http://rachmimaulanaputri.blogspot.com/2012/12/mengantisipasi-gempa-bumi-dan-tsunami.html, retrieved on May 25^th, 2015.

Priyadi, Irnanda and Wijaya, Meiky Indah. 2014. Rancangan Alat Pendeteksi dan Peringatan Gempa Berpotensi Tsunami dengan Transmisi Sinyal Audio Melalui Media Jala – Jala Listrik. (Online) http://te.unib.ac.id/lecturer/irnanda/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/jurnal-Irnanda-DeteksiGempa.pdf, retrieved on May 20^th, 2015.

Rosmiyatin and Basid, Abdul. 2012. Penentuan Sebaran Hiposenter Gunung Api Merapi Berdasarkan Data Gempa Vulkanik Tahun 2006. Jurnal Neutrino, vol 4 pages 188-200.

Sion, Pendoa. 2014. Gempa Bumi. (Online) https://pendoasion.wordpress.com/2014/01/27/puisi-gempa-bumi/, retrieved on May 25^th, 2015.

Sukamto. 2000. Pengetahuan Geologi Indonesia : Tantangan dan Pemanfaatan. Bandung : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geologi.